f{"id":33015,"date":"2024-04-18T13:50:42","date_gmt":"2024-04-18T20:50:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/?p=33015"},"modified":"2024-04-18T13:50:44","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T20:50:44","slug":"the-rising-dragon-how-singapores-ai-leadership-is-leaving-the-west-behind","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/2024\/04\/18\/the-rising-dragon-how-singapores-ai-leadership-is-leaving-the-west-behind\/","title":{"rendered":"The Rising Dragon: How Singapore\u2019s AI Leadership is Leaving the West Behind"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"e04f\">The AI Leader You Didn\u2019t See Coming \u2014 Understanding Singapore\u2019s Meteoric Rise<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@pranathfernando?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@pranathfernando?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fill:88:88\/1*APXYk3upFxI7K8AJje18Bg.jpeg\" alt=\"Pranath Fernando | AI Consultant\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ai.gopubby.com\/?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@pranathfernando?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\">Pranath Fernando | AI Consultant<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Published in <a href=\"https:\/\/ai.gopubby.com\/?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/ai.gopubby.com\/?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\">AI Advances<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6 days ago (ai.gopubby.com)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*Y5BkuvHhvlBL2ogM\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@ivalex\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ivan Aleksic<\/a>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"8a44\">Which country do you think leads AI? And does it matter who does? Many people worldwide believe the United States leads in AI. Others who may do a bit of reading around, might say soon it could be China leading on AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"374e\">If you want to make an AI global leadership joke or be a little cruel, you might say well maybe Europe is a leader in AI? as a few nervous Europeans like to say.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"fdef\">It\u2019s a joke because, apart from perhaps 1 exception (Anthropic) Europe has no significant AI industry at all, even though it desperately wants to believe it can be a big player in the global playground at AI, despite European resolve usually being about as firm as an undercooked croissant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"afa1\">What if I were to say to you Singapore is an AI global leader, doing things very differently from everyone else? What would you say?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"cdd9\">Perhaps you might say \u2018Where\u2019s Singapore?\u2019 (it is a small city-state in Asia). Or if you read a little, you might say \u2018I read that Singapore is really good for high-end shopping, is very clean, and they have a nice airline, but that\u2019s about all I know\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*MAIp1o_Zz-ZcMtzE\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@meric?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Meri\u00e7 Da\u011fl\u0131<\/a>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"75fc\">Well the thing about living in the West, as my non-Western readers will already know, is that we tend to be a little bit self-obsessed with ourselves. Is that fair comment do you think? We are the biggest fans, of ourselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"d1af\">We tend to think we in the West are the best at everything, what we do, our values, and that everything we do is superior to other countries, of course. So why should you care too much about what goes on in other countries, apart from maybe researching some nice sunny holiday destinations?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"ab31\">Despite also living in the West, I have never understood or agreed with that point of view, which I don\u2019t think is very smart. Even if we are the best at everything (I don\u2019t quite believe that) how would we know if that\u2019s true, without taking a bit of interest in finding out what\u2019s going on in other countries?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"5b80\">But perhaps you\u2019re already sold on that one, or maybe you\u2019re not sure yet. But first, we need to understand why which country leads in AI matters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"60ab\">Why AI Global Leadership Matters<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"790c\">You might think, well does it matter who leads in AI? After all, despite say the United States leading in many tech areas, whichever country in the world you live you can still pretty much use Facebook, or buy an iPhone, so why would it matter who leads in AI if you can get most tech almost anywhere in the world anyway regardless who is the country leading it?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"9ada\">While that\u2019s true for now, there are other reasons why you might care which country is leading in AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"c329\">Most articles written about why global AI leadership matters are from a Geo-political point of view. These tend to stress that AI leadership is all about:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Military dominance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Economic development &amp; growth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Governance &amp; Political Function<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>National and Global Regulation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"c960\">As an article from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lazard.com\/research-insights\/the-geopolitics-of-artificial-intelligence\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lazard<\/a>&nbsp;describes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"d7b5\"><mark><em>Leadership in AI \u2014 and emerging technologies more generally \u2014 has become the frontier of U.S.-China geostrategic competition. AI is critical, not only to the defence of countries (through next-generation autonomous weapons), but also to their political functions, as AI changes how the creation and distribution of information is understood.<\/em><\/mark><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"22e0\">A report from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.goldmansachs.com\/intelligence\/pages\/the-generative-world-order-ai-geopolitics-and-power.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Goldman Sachs<\/a>&nbsp;also takes a similar view that is common to the geopolitical mindset:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"b3c6\"><em>The emergence of generative AI marks a transformational moment that will influence the course of markets and alter the balance of power among nations. Increasingly capable machine intelligence will profoundly impact matters of growth, productivity, competition, national defence and human culture. In this swiftly evolving arena, corporate and political leaders alike are seeking to decipher the implications of this abrupt and powerful wave of innovation, exploring new opportunities and navigating new risks.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"3dd7\">Something the Goldman Sachs report fleetingly mentions which is almost always ignored and unheard of in most geo-political analyses about AI leadership is the word \u2018culture\u2019, the potential impact of AI leadership from a cultural perspective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*s4Xt9G81PJPIV8e8\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@joshuaearle?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Joshua Earle<\/a>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"3062\">I suggest again this is due to a tendency for Western bias. We in the West don\u2019t consider that the AI we have developed is mostly trained on content from our countries, and that content has Western values, social norms etc that are different to the cultures in other regions in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"b86c\">AI is not free from culture or values, AI has cultural and value biases because the data it is trained on, the texts, images etc have cultural norms and values biases in them. There is no culture-neutral or culture-free AI, that my friends, is a fantasy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"9646\">How would you feel about using an AI whose values you didn\u2019t know and might not share? it would probably engage with you differently. Would you care what culture or values the AI you were using had? I think you might.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"e321\">Culture &amp; AI isn\u2019t only an international issue either. For example the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/future-perfect\/2024\/2\/28\/24083814\/google-gemini-ai-bias-ethics\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recent debacle &amp; disasters with Google\u2019s Gemini AI model<\/a>&nbsp;that generated images of black nazis or black Vikings after diversity \u2018errors\u2019:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:590\/1*vZhzawZafUmGgcucBNPFBw.png\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Not the kind of diversity we were wanting perhaps?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"3431\">This clumsy attempt by Google engineers at trying to \u2018hard code\u2019 and force particular \u2018diversity\u2019 &amp; cultural values into that AI and onto everyone else, of course spectacularly backfired and was a complete disaster.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"4b20\">It also highlights the lack of transparency by most AI companies about the hidden biases &amp; values of their models.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"531a\">However, the broader point this illustrates is, that the effect of AI leadership on cultural values and the effect of cultural values on the AI leadership, clearly matter to people, even if it\u2019s something geopolitical analysts usually ignore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"e802\">Even if you\u2019re not so bothered about AI global power games or the effect on the economy, the values inside the AI you use, and who are the leading countries that make that AI with their culture &amp; values, that\u2019s something I think you might care about.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"b513\">Who builds and leads AI, matters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a680\">Singapore\u2019s AI Strategy<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"a423\">A recent report by the TBI for global change covered the unique way&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.institute.global\/insights\/tech-and-digitalisation\/from-strategy-to-synergy-what-can-we-learn-from-singapores-ai-journey\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Singapore is approaching its AI strategy<\/a>&nbsp;with a 3 point approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"c235\">Building an Asian AI<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"7c86\">Modern AI are known as Large Language Models (LLM\u2019s) which are trained on billions of texts and images. Most of the AI\u2019s we know in the West such as ChatGPT, Llama2 or Claude, are mainly trained in text &amp; images from western culture. This means that these AI\u2019s are biased towards western cultural norms and values in everything they say &amp; output, as we mentioned earlier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*au3Xq6vmuNAogMRY\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@alschim?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Alexander Schimmeck<\/a>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"bc3e\">These language based &amp; culture specific AI models are the foundations for most AI applications. As the report explains:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"47e9\"><em>Although LLMs can understand and generate language, their ability to generate contextually appropriate responses is dependent on whether they are trained on input data that is from the relevant (i.e. local) contexts. Yet much of the data that existing LLMs such as ChatGPT are trained on are largely from economically developed, Westernised contexts \u2014 leading to accusations of cultural biases at best, and the promotion of certain values at worst.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"e7af\">The first part of Singapore\u2019s strategy is to develop local AI\u2019s that are trained on text and images from local South-East asian contexts which they call SEA-LION:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"6468\"><em>Alongside the release of NAIS 2.0, AI Singapore \u2014 a national programme set up in 2017 to enhance Singapore\u2019s AI capabilities \u2014 launched SEA-LION (Southeast Asian Languages in One Network), a family of LLMs that are foundational to all generative-AI development. Trained on data sets in 11 regional languages, SEA-LION\u2019s models will cater better to South-East Asian contexts.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"5648\">Building AI models customised to local culture, languages and values, should help develop more useful and successful AI applications for use in Asia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3ecb\">Agile &amp; Pragmatic Regulation<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"e6a2\">The second strand to Singapore\u2019s AI strategy is balanced regulation that is careful to fully support innovation as a priority while flexibly adapting to potential risks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"b773\">This contrasts for example with the approach taken by the European Union with their recent AI legislation which is much more restrictive and prioritises rights and protections over supporting innovation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"fee9\">The EU\u2019s approach towards AI regulation seems perfectly designed to ensure Europe continues to fall even further behind in tech &amp; fail to develop any significant AI capability or leadership. I have written more about this in\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/why-banning-ai-is-the-worst-thing-you-can-do-for-your-safety-4d235e5961b3\" target=\"_blank\">Why Banning AI Is the Worst Thing You Can do for Your Safety.<\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/why-banning-ai-is-the-worst-thing-you-can-do-for-your-safety-4d235e5961b3?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/why-banning-ai-is-the-worst-thing-you-can-do-for-your-safety-4d235e5961b3?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Why Banning AI Is the Worst Thing You Can Do for Your Safety<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/why-banning-ai-is-the-worst-thing-you-can-do-for-your-safety-4d235e5961b3?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">What K-Pop can teach you about good AI regulation<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/why-banning-ai-is-the-worst-thing-you-can-do-for-your-safety-4d235e5961b3?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thefuturai.substack.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"913d\">In stark contrast, Singapore has developed a more agile regulatory framework that keeps in close contact with industry and rapidly adapts as highlighted in the TBI report:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"05be\"><em>The rapid pace of AI\u2019s development and our evolving understanding of its risks and beneficial use cases have underscored the importance of policymakers striking the right balance between protecting public interests and supporting innovation.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"93e4\">Although largely orchestrated and led by the government, AI development in Singapore is often carried out in tandem with the private sector to gain buy-in and facilitate knowledge sharing, ensuring the country remains at the cutting edge of global AI advancement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"6c02\">The report highlights the key advantages of this approach:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"78ed\"><em>To account for new knowledge and risks that emerge, these governance frameworks will be regularly reviewed and adjusted. Coupled with their \u201cliving\u201d nature, these frameworks allow for a degree of experimentation and exploration \u2014 thereby granting the government considerable agility within its regulatory approaches.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"3a32\">Yet as I alluded to before, we cannot escape culture and cultural &amp; value differences, they influence everything, including how you approach AI regulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"3739\">A&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2021\/11\/can-china-and-europe-find-common-ground-on-ai-ethics\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">World Economic Forum report<\/a>&nbsp;has highlighted the differences between eastern and western ethics towards AI regulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"9732\">In describing the Chinese perspective:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"3e89\"><em>The Chinese guidelines derive from a community-focused and goal-oriented perspective. \u201cA high sense of social responsibility and self-discipline\u201d is expected from individuals to harmoniously partake into a community promoting tolerance, shared responsibilities and open collaboration. This emphasis is clearly informed by the Confucian value of \u201charmony\u201d, as an ideal balance to be achieved through the control of extreme passions \u2014 conflicts should be avoided. Other than a stern admonition against \u201cillegal use of personal data\u201d, there is little room for regulation. Regulation is not the aim of these principles, which are rather conceived to guide AI developers in the \u201cright way\u201d for the collective elevation of society<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*BTqyxx0s9ikV0aRf\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@nicolerwilcox?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nicole Wilcox<\/a>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"c724\">And in contrast the European perspective:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"7372\"><em>The European principles, emerging from a more individual-focused and rights-based approach, express a different ambition, rooted in the Enlightenment and coloured by European history. Their primary goal is to protect individuals against well identified harms. Whereas the Chinese principles emphasize the promotion of good practices, the EU focuses on the prevention of malign consequences. The former draws a direction for the development of AI, so that it contributes to the improvement of society, the latter sets the limitations to its uses, so that it does not happen at the expense of certain people.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"7a65\">This difference between western vs eastern ethics and how they manifest in different approaches to regulation &amp; law is something I also covered in\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/how-china-is-supporting-ai-creative-freedom-better-than-the-west-ab08fa272d02\" target=\"_blank\">How China is Supporting AI &amp; Creative Freedom Better than the West<\/a>.<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/how-china-is-supporting-ai-creative-freedom-better-than-the-west-ab08fa272d02?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/how-china-is-supporting-ai-creative-freedom-better-than-the-west-ab08fa272d02?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">How China is Supporting AI &amp; Creative Freedom Better Than the West<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/how-china-is-supporting-ai-creative-freedom-better-than-the-west-ab08fa272d02?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Does freedom mean the same thing in different cultures?<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/how-china-is-supporting-ai-creative-freedom-better-than-the-west-ab08fa272d02?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">thefuturai.substack.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"9b56\">Pragmatic AI \u2014 Building Infrastructure That Solves Problems<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"4e79\">While in the west with AI for policymakers, the public and the media \u2014 the focus is often on imagined (dystopian) fears and risks about AI, privacy, copyright infringement, control. This perhaps reflects the more individualistic cultural values we have in the west, as the previous report highlighted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"4a62\">In contrast, the Singapore\/more eastern policy approach is more pragmatic, what works to create value, what doesn\u2019t work \u2014 by building AI infrastructure. This perhaps reflects the more pragmatic and less ideological values attitude more common in Asia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*98QiA4774ZvoZ9pp\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@marcojodoin?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Marc-Olivier Jodoin<\/a>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"0a00\">There are three prongs to this AI infrastructure strategy as highlighted by the TBI report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"cd11\"><strong>Infrastructure Partnerships:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"62c7\"><em>By looking to deepen its substantive partnerships with major compute players and engaging with global multi-stakeholder fora, the country seeks to secure local access to compute capacity and to partake in global discussions about AI ethics and governance.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"8902\"><strong>Support Start-ups:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"9b22\"><em>To bolster the growth of the local AI research scene and start-up ecosystem, the government is partnering with Google Cloud to launch the AI Government Cloud Cluster (AGCC). This dedicated cloud-computing environment will provide critical access to an AI technology stack, including pre-trained generative-AI models.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"0aea\"><strong>Grow Talent<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"4120\"><em>To build its pipeline of future tech talent, Singapore has announced plans to increase its AI workforce to 15,000 (a three-fold increase from the current pool) and to increase the availability of AI training programmes and resources.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"eb00\">Together, these three pillars of developing localised Asian AI, agile and pragmatic regulation, and a comprehensive AI infrastructure plan, combine to create a thriving AI eco-system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4c5c\">Why Singapore is Ahead of the West<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"0cb8\">Countries that have rapidly and widely adopted AI share a common characteristic: a national strategic direction for AI defined by their governments. Approximately 70% of countries with an AI strategy are developed economies, and their priorities tend to include the development of ethical AI frameworks, investment in education and workforce, and global collaborations to maintain their AI leadership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"36d1\">In contrast, developing economies typically prioritise capacity building, fostering local talent, and seeking international collaborations to bridge the AI technology gap. This suggests a divergence in the approaches taken by developed and developing nations in their pursuit of AI advancement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"c308\">Singapore\u2019s new AI strategy reflects a combination of these priorities and has led to a thriving AI ecosystem and great advances. This makes it potentially informative for policymaking discussions in other countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"8b74\">While the emphasis on localised large language models (LLMs) mirrors a growing international consensus, Singapore has also demonstrated the potential of voluntary guidelines and \u201cliving\u201d frameworks as effective pillars of an agile AI governance approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*RJvY3FbSm5vEwCf_\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@jezar?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jezael Melgoza<\/a>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/?utm_source=medium&amp;utm_medium=referral\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"6121\">The role of the differences between eastern &amp; western cultures and values as mentioned earlier, is likely to be a key reason why Singapore has applied this strategy so uniquely &amp; effectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"fa4f\">As&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/cybernews.com\/editorial\/ai-eastern-nations-more-receptive\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UN AI Advisor Neil Sahota<\/a>&nbsp;describes western cultural values:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"1bd3\"><em>In Western culture, movies, and books, it\u2019s always been human versus machine, right? But there\u2019s something special about us as humans \u2014 we always wind up winning. And so we\u2019ve kind of grown up with the adversarial relationship: we\u2019re trained to look at AI as a threat. And so that kind of skews our perception.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"b027\">Contrasted with eastern values:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"de9c\"><em>But look at Eastern culture, movies, and books. They\u2019ve always seen AI and robots as helpers and assistants, as a tool to be used to further the benefit of humans, and as a result, they\u2019re actually wired to look for opportunities. And that\u2019s why we see that places like Japan, Korea, and China they\u2019re further ahead of us in the use of AI in healthcare and elevating the quality of services because there you have that kind of mindset. The [US sci-fi] movie&nbsp;<\/em>Crater<em>&nbsp;ironically plays right to that narrative: there\u2019s this war, Western versus Eastern; Western [culture] wants to eradicate, Eastern culture wants to protect and use.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"e9ee\">This, coupled with multi-pronged efforts to build a trusted AI ecosystem geared towards generating value, Singapore\u2019s latest AI strategy represents a noteworthy example of effective AI governance on the global stage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"468e\">Singapore\u2019s more AI friendly culture &amp; values, flexible and responsive regulatory framework, along with its key strengths in government policies, research and innovation, skilled workforce, robust data connectivity, and advanced cloud infrastructure collectively support and enable its thriving AI ecosystem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"4dcb\">That\u2019s what makes Singapore a global leader in AI, that you never saw coming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"b9a4\"><strong><em>But what\u2019s your perspective? Do you agree? Would you be happy to start using some of these techniques to let AI help you with the tasks of creative writing Or do you have a very different perspect<\/em><\/strong><em>ive?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"ba92\">But what\u2019s your perspective? Do you agree? Or do you have a very different perspective?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"25a3\">I\u2019d love to know what you think whatever that is, let me know in the comments and let\u2019s continue this important discussion about AI and immortality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"ec1f\"><em>Originally published at\u00a0<\/em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/p\/the-rising-dragon-how-singapores\" target=\"_blank\"><em>https:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/tag\/artificial-intelligence?source=post_page-----871719593701---------------artificial_intelligence-----------------\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@pranathfernando?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@pranathfernando?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fill:144:144\/1*APXYk3upFxI7K8AJje18Bg.jpeg\" alt=\"Pranath Fernando | AI Consultant\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@pranathfernando?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\">Written by&nbsp;Pranath Fernando | AI Consultant<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00b7Writer for <a href=\"https:\/\/ai.gopubby.com\/?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/ai.gopubby.com\/?source=post_page-----871719593701--------------------------------\">AI Advances<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AI Consultant | Tech Translator | Strategic Thinker &#8211; Subscribe for my free weekly newsletter\/How AI impacts society now &amp; in the future&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thefuturai.substack.com\/\">thefuturai.substack.com<\/a>Follow<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The AI Leader You Didn\u2019t See Coming \u2014 Understanding Singapore\u2019s Meteoric Rise Pranath Fernando | AI Consultant Published in AI Advances 6 days ago (ai.gopubby.com) Which country do you think leads AI? And does it matter who does? Many people worldwide believe the United States leads in AI. Others who&#8230; <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/2024\/04\/18\/the-rising-dragon-how-singapores-ai-leadership-is-leaving-the-west-behind\/\"> Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr; <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33015","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33015","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33015"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33015\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33015"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33015"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occupysf.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33015"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}